Hip Joint Replacement

? What is Hip Joint Replacement

Hip joint replacement, also known as hip replacement surgery, is a surgical procedure in which an orthopedic surgeon removes the damaged hip joint and replaces it with an artificial joint.

: Causes of Hip Joint Damage
  •  

    1. The most common cause of hip joint damage is osteoarthritis or joint wear and tear.
    2. Improper healing of hip fractures.
    3. Avascular necrosis (bone death due to lack of blood supply).
    4. Rheumatoid arthritis affecting the hip joint.
    5. Congenital hip dislocation.
    6. Accidents.
    7. Falling or dropping from a height.
? How Does Hip Joint Replacement Help the Patient
  • Hip joint replacement surgery can relieve hip pain. It can also significantly improve the range of motion in the hip joint and correct leg shortening either completely or to a great extent. Additionally, this surgery can remarkably reduce limping.

Complications
    • Early Complications:

      Possible complications during surgery may include:

      • Fracture of the femur.
      • Damage to blood vessels and nerves.
      • Leg length discrepancy (shortening or lengthening).

      Possible complications after surgery may include:

      • Dislocation of the prosthesis.
      • Infection.
      • Bleeding.
      • Embolism.

      Late Complications:

      Late complications of prostheses include infection, loosening, and wear of the polyethylene layer. In many cases, loosening occurs not due to infection but due to bone erosion around the prosthesis. Metal and polyethylene debris from wear and tear is a major cause of prosthesis loosening.

Postoperative Care
    • Necessary postoperative care for hip replacement surgery includes:

      • Taking prescribed medications, including antibiotics, pain relievers, and anticoagulants, as directed by the doctor.
      • Proper use of crutches, a cane, or a walker. Consult your doctor for guidance on selecting and using these aids correctly.
: Activities to Prevent Implant Displacement
      • Avoid bending forward while sitting in bed and keep your legs straight.
      • Avoid sitting on low chairs. When standing up, use the armrests to reduce pressure on the hip.
      • Do not bend forward when your feet are close together.
      • Bend your knees when lifting objects and avoid lifting with straight knees.
      • Avoid walking fast and do not walk on soft surfaces to minimize pressure on the hip.
      • Always keep your knees apart. Use a cushion or support between your knees when sitting or lying down.
      • When getting in and out of bed, keep your knees apart and roll onto your side.
      • Do not lift your knees higher than your hips while sitting.
      • Use a raised toilet seat.
      • Regularly check the sensation and movement of your toes.
      • Maintain a high-fiber diet with plenty of fluids to prevent constipation.
      • Practice deep breathing and coughing exercises.
      • Change positions in bed frequently to prevent bedsores.
      • Place a pillow between your legs when turning onto your side.
      • Change dressings at home as per the doctor’s instructions.
      • Monitor urine and bowel movements.
      • Consume foods rich in vitamin C.
      • Start physiotherapy as prescribed by the doctor after surgery.
      • Avoid getting the stitches wet until they are removed.
      •